Intracranial Pressure V

This volume contains papers presented at the Fifth International Symposium on Intra cranial Pressure held on May 30-June 3,1982, in Tokyo, Japan. The Symposium has continued to grow since it began in 1972, and this year it was comprised 121 oral and 46 poster presentations. This considerable number was chosen from the more than 216 abstracts that were received, which made the selection process very difficult. We would like to thank the Program Committee for their efforts. One hundred and fifty-one of the manuscripts are printed here. The classic papers, short communications, and the presentations for the poster sessions here appear together under their appropriate topic heading. There were eleven sessions which spanned the most basic scientific descriptions of ICP dynamics to the most recent clinical advances and debate. Also included are the seven special seminars given by the invited speakers. These spe cial seminars were an innovation at this symposium as a means of reviewing the major aspects and history and of projecting the future directions of this expanding field. The organizers wish to thank the Advisory Committee for their guidance and focus, and to express their appreciation to everyone who contributed to the success of this meeting - to the Chairmen and Co-chairmen, to all of the members and participants, and not least of all to our executive staff who worked behind the scenes. We also wish to acknowledge our gratitude to Springer-Verlag for their technical aid and for their prompt publication of this volume.

Springer Book Archives

Special Seminar.- ICP Revisited.- Sympathetic Nervous Control of CSF Production in Normal and Hydrocephalic Animals, and Its Relationship to Cerebral Blood Volume and Intracranial Pressure.- New Trends for the Evaluation of Experimental Brain Edema.- Significance and Management of Intracranial Hypertension in Head Injury.- CT, NMR, and Emission Tomography in the Diagnosis and Management of Brain Swelling and Intracranial Hypertension.- The Saga of the Monro-Kellie Doctrine.- Session A: Methodology.- Critical Study of the Coplanarity. The Dura Mater as Measurement Interface of the Intracranial Pressure (ICP) by the Epidural Method.- Epidural Intracranial Pressure Monitoring: A New Method.- An Indwelling Epidural Pressure Sensor with Integrated Circuits for Biotelemetry.- ICP Measurement of Hydrostatic Pressure Balance Method.- Intracranial Pressure Monitoring by Fiber Optic Technique.- Experimental and Clinical Experience with a New Solid State Intracranial Pressure Monitor with In Vivo Zero Capability.- A Simple Clinical ICP Meter.- Clinical Comparison of Intracranial Pressure Measurements Provided by Subdural Screws and Ventricular Catheters.- ICP-Monitoring in the Middle Cranial Fossa. A Comparison Between the Intraventricular Method and the Introduction of a Catheter Tip Transducer into the Parasellar Cistern via the Foramen Ovale.- Characteristics of a New ICP Monitoring Device.- Accurate Intracranial Pressure Monitoring.- Chronic Monitoring of Intraventricular Pressure in Children Using Telemetry: Engineering and Physiologic Aspects.- Experiences with a New Telemetric Pressure Meter.- Usefulness of ICP Histogram and ICP Histogram Array in ICP Monitoring.- ICP Monitoring Combined with the Spectrum Analysis of EEG.- Computerized Monitoring of ICP.- Prediction of ICP and Pressure Wave Discrimination with Our Intelligent Monitor System (IMNIC-1).- Automatic ICP Controller: A New Device.- Automated Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Control: A Preliminary Report.- Session B: Pulse Wave.- CSF-Dynamics: Integration of Pulsatory Components and Autoregulation into a Mathematical Model.- Starling Resistor as a Model of the Cerebrovascular Bed.- CSF Pulse Wave, ICP, and Autoregulation.- Computer-Analysis of ICP-Modulations: Clinical Significance and Prediction of ICP-Dynamics.- The CSF Pulse Pressure as Indicator of Intracranial Elastance: The Role of the Pulsatile Changes in Cerebral Blood Volume.- ICP - Some Observations.- Analysis of the Pulse Waveform of ICP in Cases with Congenital Heart Disease.- Analysis of CSF Pulse Wave of Cats.- Conduction Time of the Pulse Through the Brain with Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Changes of Epidural Pulse Waveform in Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Session C: Pressure-Volume Study.- New Aspects of Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation Models with Emphasis on the Stability of the Model Parameters.- An Automated Method of Measurement of Intracranial Mechanical Properties.- The Calculation of Brain Elastic Response Parameters in Vivo.- The Effects of Cortical Cold Lesion on the Intracranial Pressure-Volume Relationship of Brain ElastiCity.- Pressure Volume Changes in Isobaric Brain Impaction.- The CSF Volume/Pressure Relationship in Man.- Pressure-Volume Diagram, Pulse Amplitude and Intracranial Pulse Volume. Analysis and Significance.- Does "Cortisol Ejection" Disturb PSDICP During CPERT Test?.- ICP/CPP Measurements and Analysis of the Cerebral Elastance Curve with a Microcomputerized System for Neurosurgical Intensive Care.- Brain Elastic Parameters and Cerebral Hemodynamics in Hemorrhagic Hypotension.- Comparison of Bolus and Constant Infusion Techniques for Determining the Resistance of the Absorption of CSF.- The Effect of Craniectomy on the Intracranial Pressure-Volume Relationship and Its Rlevance to the Syndrome of Shunt Dependent Ventricles.- Session D: ICP Oscillation (Cerebrovascular Aspect).- Plateau Wave Etiology.- The Etiology of Plateau Waves: A Theoretical Model and Experimental Observations.- Oscillating Cerebral Blood Volume: The Origin of B-Waves.- The Role of Intracranial Blood Volume in Mechanical and Pharmacological Decompression.- Relationship of Cerebral Blood Volume Changes and Estimated Intracranial Compliance.- Compliance-Estimation of Isolated Spinal Fluid Space in Humans.- The Conflict Between CSF Pulse Pressure and Volume-Pressure Response During Plateau Waves.- Vasomotor Response in Acute Intracranial Hypertension.- Importance of Cerebral O2 Extraction Reserve During Elevated Intracranial Pressure in Young Lambs.- Sympathoadrenergic Modulation of Cerebral Blood Volume During Increased ICP.- Cerebral Venous Circulation Mechanism During Intracranial Hypertension.- Possible Mechanism Influencing Decrease of Intracranial Pressure Occurring Following Arousal.- ICP Changes During Sleep in Man.- Session E: Blood Brain Barrier and Brain Edema.- Anatomical Studies of Blood Brain Barrier Disruption Following Intracarotid Bile Salt Infusion.- Aminobenzyl Penicillin Penetration Through Blood-Brain Barrier in Experimental Brain Edema.- Comparative Reassessment of the Gravimetric and the Drying-Weighing Methods.- Alterations of Brain Water with Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Intracranial Pressure and Extracellar Bulk Flow in Hyposmolar Edema.- Changes of Osmolality of Brain, Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma in Acute Cytotoxic Edema in Cats.- Ischemic Brain Edema: Cytotoxic and Vasogenic Factors.- Ischemic Brain Edema and the Glutathione System.- The Effect of High Intracranial Pressure on Activation and Release of Mediator Compounds in Traumatic Vasogenic Brain Edema.- Electrophysiological and Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Changes Associated with Direct Infusion Edema.- The Effects of Brain Edema Fluid on Cerebral Blood Flow in the Tissue Infusion Model.- Effects of Various Therapeutic Management on Raised Intracranial Pressure and on Dynamics Brain Edema in Brain Abscess Model in Cats.- Regional Evaluation of Blood Flow and Metabolism in Experimental Brain Tumor of Rats.- Tumor-Induced Brain Edema and Its Treatment. A Quantitative Autoradiographic Study.- Session F: Brain Stem Dysfunction.- Mutual Relations Between Shifting of Focal Brain Structures and Intracranial Pressure.- Cerebral Blood Flow in the Brain Stem During Increased ICP.- Changes in Local Blood Flow of the Brain Stem in Acute Intracranial Hypertension - An Experimental Study.- Cardiovascular Effects of a Graded Increase in ICP.- The Relationship Between Cerebral Perfusion Pressure and Auditory Nerve Brain Stem Evoked Response - Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications.- Serial Observations of Brain Stem Function in Acute Intracranial Hypertension by Auditory Brain Stem Responses - A Clinical Study.- Session G: Head Injury.- Effect of Direction of Head Movement on ICP in Experimental Head Injury.- Autoregulation of CBF in Response to Changes in Arterial and Intracranial Pressure After Experimental Head Injury.- Factors Relating to Intracranial Hypertension in Acute Head Injury.- Cerebral Blood Volume and Intracranial Pressure in Head Injured Patients.- Intracranial Pressure, Primary/Secondary Brain Stem Injury and Prognosis in Cerebral Trauma.- Renal Dysfunction After Head Injury: Relation to Intracranial Pressure.- Selecting Patients for Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Severe Head Injury.- The Value of ICP-Monitoring in the Treatment of Traumatic Bilaterally or Medially Situated Intracerebral Contusional Hemorrhages.- The Value of Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Measurement in Acute Severe Head Injury Showing Diffuse Cerebral Swelling.- Pathophysiology and Clinical Significance of ICP Course in Comatose, Patients with Severe Head Injury.- Clinical Course and Intracranial Pressure in Patients with Post-traumatic Diffuse Brain Damage.- Clinical Course Correlated to the Type of Intracranial Lesion in Severe Head Injury.- The Effects of Three Potentially Preventable Complications on Outcome After Severe Closed Head Injury.- The Natural History of Raised Intracranial Pressure After Head Injury in Man.- Outcome Associated with Management Based on ICP Monitoring.- Relationship Between CT Indices of Brain Swelling and Intracranial Pressure After Head Injury.- Control of Intracranial Pressure in Severe Head Injury.- Effects of Naloxone on ICP and Systemic Cardiovascular Responses After Experimental Closed Head Injury in the Cat.- Session H: Hydrocephalus.- Effect of Sympathetic Denervation on Various Aspects of Transport Function in the Mammalian Choroid Plexus.- Electron Microscopy of Human Arachnoid Villi Removed During Operation in Different Pathological Conditions.- CSF Dynamics and Brain Metabolism in Experimental Hydrocephalus.- Pressure-Facilitated CSF Flow Across the Arachnoid Membrane.- CSF Outflow Resistance: Effects of Transvillus Pressure Gradients and CSF Production.- Cerebrospinal Fluid Absorption into the Lymphatic System in Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Flow of Brain Interstitial Fluid and Drainage into Cerebrospinal Fluid and Lymph.- Abnormal Brain Compliance as a Cause of Hydrocephalus in Children.- Analysis of Intracranial Pressure in Infantile Hydrocephalus.- Further Experiences with the Intrathecal Infusion Test in the Management of Communicating Hydrocephalus.- Steady-State and Bolus Infusions in Hydrocephalus.- CSF-Dynamics in Patients with Suspected Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus Studied with the Bolus-Injection Technique and a Steady-State Infusion Test.- Assessment of ICP and rCBF in Cases Showing Ventricular Dilatation Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.- Changes of Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Blood Flow and Ventricular Size in Patients with the Complication of Communicating Hydrocephalus after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.- Periventricular Lucency (Edema) in Computed Tomography and Conductance to CSF Outflow in Patients with High Pressure Hydrocephalus and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- Differentiation of Periventricular Lucency (PVL) and Other Types of Hypodensity in Various Forms of Hydrocephalus.- Hydrodynamics in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus - Correlation Between the Incidence of B-Waves, Dynamics of Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation, and Cerebral Blood Flow.- ICP Changes Following Hypoxia and Ketamine Administration - Its Usefulness in Determining Indications for Operation in NPH.- Prognostic Value of Continuous ICP Monitoring, Computerized EEG Topography, and Regional CBF in Communicating Hydrocephalus.- Session I: Cerebrovascular Diseases.- A New Experimental Method for Producing Sagittal Sinus Occlusion and the Change of CSF Dynamics in Sinus Occlusion.- The Effects of Middle Cerebral Artery Embolisation on Intracranial Pressure, Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Regional Energy Metabolism.- Effect of a Ca++ Channel Blocker on the Cerebral Reflow Phenomenon in the Dog.- Pressure Differential, 1-CBF and Vascular Reactivity During Experimental SAH.- Intraventricular Pressure After Aneurysm Operations.- Size of Hematoma and Time Course of Intracranial Pressure in Patients with Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage.- Sequential Changes of the Epidural, the Ventricular and the Surrounding Tissue Pressure in Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage.- Session J: Drugs and Anesthetics.- The Mechanism of ICP Reducing Effect of Mannitol.- The Effect of Mannitol and Frusemide on the Blood-Brain Osmotic Gradient and Intracranial Pressure.- A Study of Mannitol and Glycerol on the Reduction of Raised Intracranial Pressure on Their Rebound Phenomenon.- Effectiveness of Fluid Restriction, Mannitol and Frusemide in Reducing ICP.- The Effects of Mannitol on Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Perfusion Pressure and Cerebral Blood Flow in Head Injury.- Significance of Colloid Osmotic Pressure in a Condition of Raised ICP with Brain Edema.- Determination of Dexamethasone with Radioimmuno-Assay in Cases of Cerebral Edema Caused by Head Injury or Brain Tumor, in Correlation with Serum Levels of Catecholamine.- Effect of Acetazolamide and Dexamethasone on the Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in Patients with Pseudotumor Cerebri.- Distribution of Pressure Waves A and B Over a 24-Hours Period in Patients with Brain Tumor, and the Effects of Steroid.- The Influence of Triamcinolone Acetonide on Raised ICP.- The Effects of Dexamethasone on Surgical Stress in Neurosurgical Patients Assessed by the Measurement of Hormone Levels LH, FSH, GH, ACTH, Cortisol and Testosterone.- Paradoxical Effects of Barbiturates on ICP. Acutely Increased by Cold Induced Edema in Cats.- Cardiodynamics During Pentobarbital Therapy for Acute Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Intracranial Pressure Responses to Electroencephalographic Changes in Epileptic Seizures and Barbiturate Coma Therapy.- Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Reduction by Intravenous Thiopentone.- Massive Intraoperative Brain Swelling - Can It Be Treated?.- High Dose Barbiturate Therapy for Severe Post-traumatic Intracranial Hypertension.- Attenuation of Freeze Injury Intracranial Hypertension in Cats, Using D-600.- Effect of Alkalizing Agents on Ischemic Cerebral Swelling After Acute Cerebrovascular Revascularization.- Influence of Hyperventilation Upon rCBF in the White Matter, with Mass Lesions.- The Relationship Between Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Changes and Cerebral Blood Flow, During Anesthesia and the Administration of Vasodilating Drugs.- Changes in Cerebral Blood Volume Under Conditions of Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Intracranial Pressure Changes During the Induction of Anesthesia with Etomidate in Neurosurgical Patients.- Anesthetic Induction with Althesion Infusion Prevention of ICP Changes During Laryngoscopy and Intubation.- Computerized Evaluation of ICP During Controlled Hypotension with Nitroglycerin in Neurosurgery.- Effects of PEEP on Air Embolism and ICP During Neurosurgical Procedures in the Sitting Position.- Session K: Miscellaneous.- Evaluation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt Patency with High Magnetic Floater.- Effects of Retraction on the Brain: An Experimental Study.- Extradural Arteriovenous Shunting - An Important Pathophysiological Factor in Epidural Bleeding.- Hyperosmolarity Complicating Management of Intracranial Hypertension.- Vasopressin Concentration in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Conductance to CSF Outflow in Benign Intracranial Hypertension and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- Relationship Between Intracranial Pressure and Experimental Convulsions.- Peripheral Organ Blood Flow Distribution During Raised Intracranial Pressure in Young Lambs.- Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Studies in Acutely III Newborn Infants.- Secretary's Address.- Oscillation of Intracranial Pressure and Local Cerebral Metabolism.