It's often said that astronomy is one of the very few sciences in which amateurs can make a contribution to real science. Even modest telescopes such as a small - 3-inch (80mm) - astronomical refractor or Maksutov can provide scientifically useful data.
"This book is about using an 80mm refractor / 90mm Maksutov (such as a Helios 80 or Meade ETX90) as more than a "quick look" instrument, but rather something capable of use as an introduction to scientific observations. Emphasis is on measurement and discovery activities rather than on casual observing. There are two objectives to these activities: to re-enact the process of discovery and to provide amateur observers with the knowledge and skill that will help them make genuine contributions to the field of astronomy.
The Celestial Sphere.- The Measurement of Time.- The Equatorial Telescope Mount.- Telescope Considerations.- Astronomical Photography.- The Sun.- The Moon.- The Planets.- Comets and Asteroids.- Visual Binary Stars.- A Binary Star True Orbit Projector.- Visual Observations of Variable Stars.- Photography of Variable Stars.- Star Clusters and Nebulae.- A Color-Magnitude Diagram for The Pleiades.- The Design of an Objective Prism Spectrograph.- The Proper Motion of Barnard's Star.