Ütkür, F: Regioselective Aerobic and Anaerobic Aromatic Hydr
Lieferzeit: Nicht lieferbar I
Format:
211x149x12 mm
Beschreibung:
Among many other interesting reactions, molybdenum (Mo) hydroxylases catalyze regioselective hydrocarbon oxyfunctionalizations, for which typically oxygenases are employed in synthetic applications. However, oxygenase-based processes are often limited by oxygen mass transfer, cofactor regeneration, and/or enzyme instability due to the formation of reactive oxygen species. As Mo-hydroxylases produce, rather than consume reducing equivalents during substrate hydroxylation and use water, rather than molecular oxygen as oxygen donor, these enzymes have a high potential for overcoming limitations encountered with oxygenases. The potential and feasibility of these enzymes for preparative applications was investigated in the frame of this thesis with quinoline 2-oxidoreductase (Qor) and quinaldine 4-oxidase (Qox) serving as model enzymes.
Up-to-date, several Mo-hydroxylases have been described, but rarely applied on industrial scale. For specific quinaldine hydroxylation to 4-hydroxyquinaldine, different Qox-based biocatalysts, reaction conditions, and key process parameters have been evaluated. The use of 1-dodecanol as carrier solvent and Qox-containing P. putida KT2440 as biocatalyst enabled high productivities (~0.4 g ltot -1 h-1 ) in a 0.5-L bioreactor setup without active aeration. Further evaluation of the key process parameters showed that inhibition by 1-dodecanol and the product was the most critical factor affecting process performance. As a proof of concept, the Qox-based process was coupled to downstream processing, including supercritical carbon dioxide treatment for breaking the stable emulsion followed by liquid-liquid extraction and crystallization allowing the isolation of 138 mg product with high purity (>99.9%). Furthermore, completely anaerobic quinoline hydroxylation was achieved with nitrate as electron acceptor using Qor-containing P. putida 86 expressing the nitrate reductase genes of P. aeruginosa. The achieved rate (7 U gCDW -1) shows the remarkable potential of Mohydroxylase-containing whole cells for O2-independent C-H oxyfunctionalizations.
In conclusion, the development of an efficient integrated process and the first preparative O2independent C-H oxyfunctionalization by means of Mo-hydroxylase-containing microbial cells augur well for the development of efficient industrial oxyfunctionalization processes with reduced O2-demand in close future.
Up-to-date, several Mo-hydroxylases have been described, but rarely applied on industrial scale. For specific quinaldine hydroxylation to 4-hydroxyquinaldine, different Qox-based biocatalysts, reaction conditions, and key process parameters have been evaluated. The use of 1-dodecanol as carrier solvent and Qox-containing P. putida KT2440 as biocatalyst enabled high productivities (~0.4 g ltot -1 h-1 ) in a 0.5-L bioreactor setup without active aeration. Further evaluation of the key process parameters showed that inhibition by 1-dodecanol and the product was the most critical factor affecting process performance. As a proof of concept, the Qox-based process was coupled to downstream processing, including supercritical carbon dioxide treatment for breaking the stable emulsion followed by liquid-liquid extraction and crystallization allowing the isolation of 138 mg product with high purity (>99.9%). Furthermore, completely anaerobic quinoline hydroxylation was achieved with nitrate as electron acceptor using Qor-containing P. putida 86 expressing the nitrate reductase genes of P. aeruginosa. The achieved rate (7 U gCDW -1) shows the remarkable potential of Mohydroxylase-containing whole cells for O2-independent C-H oxyfunctionalizations.
In conclusion, the development of an efficient integrated process and the first preparative O2independent C-H oxyfunctionalization by means of Mo-hydroxylase-containing microbial cells augur well for the development of efficient industrial oxyfunctionalization processes with reduced O2-demand in close future.